Thursday, July 19, 2007

CELL MICROPROCESSOR

Contributor: Nithin S. Madhu CELL MICROPROCESSOR

Cell is shorthand for Cell Broadband Engine Architecture commonly abbreviated as CBEA.

Cell microprocessor is a result of a US $400 million joint effort by STI, the name of the formal alliance formed by Sony, Toshiba and IBM, over a period of 4 years

Cell is a heterogeneous chip multiprocessor that consists of an IBM 64-bit Power Architecture core, augmented with eight specialized co-processors based on a novel single-instruction multiple-data (SIMD) architecture called Synergistic Processor Unit (SPU), which is for data-intensive processing, like that found in cryptography, media and scientific applications. The system is integrated by a coherent on-chip bus.

The basic architecture of the Cell is described by IBM as a "system on a chip" (SoC)

One cell working alone has potential of reaching 256 GFLOPS (Floating Point Operations Per Second). (Home PC can reach 6 GFLOPS, if you use a good graphics card)

The potential processing power of cell blows away existing processors, even super computers


The Cell architecture is based on the new thinking that is emerging in the world of multiprocessing. The industry focus has shifted from maximizing performance to maximizing performance per watt. This is achieved by putting more than one processor on a single chip and running all of them well below their top speed. Because the transistors are switching less frequently the processors generate less heat and since there are atleast two hotspots on each cheap the heat is spread more evenly over it and thus is less damaging to the circuitry. The Cell architecture breaks ground in combining a light-weight general-purpose processor with multiple GPU-like coprocessors into a coordinated whole Software adoption remains a key issue in whether Cell ultimately delivers on its performance potential.
Some Cell statistics:
  • Observed clock speed: > 4 GHz

  • Peak performance (single precision): > 256 GFlops

  • Peak performance (double precision): >26 GFlops

  • Local storage size per SPU: 256KB

  • Area: 221 mm²

  • Technology: 90nm SOI

  • Total number of transistors: 234M

APPLICATION

Cell is optimized for compute-intensive workloads and broadband rich media

Applications, including computer entertainment, movies and other forms of digital content

The first major commercial application of Cell was in Sony's PlayStation 3 game console

Toshiba has announced plans to incorporate Cell in high definition television sets.

IBM announced April 25, 2007 that it will begin integrating its Cell Broadband Engine Architecture microprocessors into the company's line of mainframes

In the fall of 2006 IBM released the QS20 blade server using double Cell BE processors for tremendous performance in certain applications, reaching a peak of 410 gigaflops per module

Mercury Computer Systems, Inc. has released blades, conventional rack servers and PCI Express accelerator boards with Cell processors


Reference:

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cell_microprocessor

http://www.sony.net/SonyInfo/News/Press/200502/05-0208BE/index.html

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